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Routers and servers in a network require static assignment of IP addresses. What is the best method to assign IP addresses to the rest of the network and manage them easily?
Using a DHCP Server to provide the information.
Resolving the hostnames to IPs with DNS and relying the information to each host.
By having a NAT service doing the translation of IP addresses.
Implement OSPF protocol and send updates to the network
Using ARP messages to learn the hardware addresses.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides network configuration information to hosts, such as, IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS. DHCP eliminates the need to perform the configuration manually. ARP is a protocol that resolves MAC addresses with known IP addresses. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link state routing protocol, which uses Dijkstra algorithm to build a shortest path tree and populate the routing table with the best routes. Network Address Translation (NAT), can be used when a host needs to connect to the Internet and the IP being used is not globally unique but private. DNS resolves host names to IP address. For more information refer to: [Todd Lammle. - CCNA Routing and Switching Study Guide 2013, Chapter 3]
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