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Which layer of the OSI model checks the datagram, extracts a TCP segment, and passes it up?
data link layer
transport layer
session layer
network layer
The correct response is Transport Layer.
To answer this question properly you must understand that the core question is concerning data encapsulation going up the stack “and passes it up?”. Both datagrams and segments are Protocol Data Unit (PDU) terms. You must have a good understanding of both segment (TCP) and datagram (UDP) encapsulation and that both TCP and UDP are determined at the Transport layer of the stack. Normally data at the top of the stack gets encapsulated into datagrams (UDP) or segments (TCP) at layer 4 Transport, then packets at layer 3 Network, then frames at layer 2 Data Link, last bits at layer 1 Physical and the process is reversed when received by the destined host. You cannot extract a TCP segment from a UDP Datagram this is a distractor. In either case both Datagrams (UDP) and Segments (TCP) are processed at the Transport Layer going up or down the stack.
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